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Learning Physical Dynamics with Subequivariant Graph Neural Networks

NeurIPS

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Published on

12/04/2022

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NeurIPS

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a prevailing tool for learning physical dynamics. However, they still encounter several challenges: 1) Physical laws abide by symmetry, which is a vital inductive bias accounting for model generalization and should be incorporated into the model design. Existing simulators either consider insufficient symmetry, or enforce excessive equivariance in practice when symmetry is partially broken by gravity. 2) Objects in the physical world possess diverse shapes, sizes, and properties, which should be appropriately processed by the model. To tackle these difficulties, we propose a novel backbone, Subequivariant Graph Neural Network, which 1) relaxes equivariance to subequivariance by considering external fields like gravity, where the universal approximation ability holds theoretically; 2) introduces a new subequivariant object-aware message passing for learning physical interactions between multiple objects of various shapes in the particle-based representation; 3) operates in a hierarchical fashion, allowing for modeling long-range and complex interactions. Our model achieves on average over 3% enhancement in contact prediction accuracy across 8 scenarios on Physion and 2× lower rollout MSE on RigidFall compared with state-of-the-art GNN simulators, while exhibiting strong generalization and data efficiency. Code and videos are available at our project page: https://hanjq17.github.io/SGNN/.

Please cite our work using the BibTeX below.

@inproceedings{
han2022learning,
title={Learning Physical Dynamics with Subequivariant Graph Neural Networks},
author={Jiaqi Han and Wenbing Huang and Hengbo Ma and Jiachen Li and Joshua B. Tenenbaum and Chuang Gan},
booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
editor={Alice H. Oh and Alekh Agarwal and Danielle Belgrave and Kyunghyun Cho},
year={2022},
url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=siG_S8mUWxf}
}
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